Table of consonants

From Open Encyclopedia

Note: This page contains
IPA phonetic symbols
in Unicode.

The following tables list all the consonants listed by the International Phonetic Alphabet. The first table contains consonants articulated in the front part of the mouth, and the second table contains consonants articulated in the back part of the mouth. The places of articulation are listed on top, and the manners of articulation on the left side. Where consonants occur in pairs, the consonant on the left represents a voiceless articulation and the consonant on the right represents a voiced articulation.

Affricates are not included in the table, since they are generally composed of symbols in the table. Phonologically they do function as single consonants in many languages.

	Bilabial		Labiodental		Dental		Alveolar		Postalveolar		Retroflex		Labial-palatal
Plosive	p	b	p̪	b̪	t̪	d̪	t	d			ʈ	ɖ
Voiced implosive		ɓ				ɗ̪		ɗ
Ejective		pʼ				t̪ʼ		tʼ
Nasal	m̥	m	ɱ̊	ɱ	n̪̊	n̪	n̥	n			ɳ̊	ɳ
Trill		ʙ						r
Tap or Flap								ɾ ɺ				ɽ
Fricative	ɸ	β	f	v	θ	ð	s	z	ʃ	ʒ	ʂ	ʐ
Lateral fricative							ɬ	ɮ
Ejective fricative								sʼ
Percussive	ʬ				ʭ
Approximant	β̞̊	β̞	ʋ̥	ʋ			ɹ̥	ɹ			ɻ̊	ɻ	ɥ̊	ɥ
Lateral approximant								l				ɭ
Click consonant	ʘ				ǀ		ǃ ǁ		ǂ