Names of European cities in different languages
From Open Encyclopedia
Most cities in Europe have different names in different languages. Some cities have also undergone name changes for political or other reasons. This article attempts to give all known different names for all major European cities. It also includes some smaller towns that are important because of their location or history.
This article also lists cities of Turkey, Cyprus, and all the republics of the former Soviet Union. A number of important Mediterranean Basin cities are also included.
This article does not offer any opinion about what the "original", "official", "real", or "correct" name of any city is or was. Cities are listed alphabetically by their current best-known name in English. The English version is followed by variants in other languages, in alphabetical order by name, and then by any historical variants and former names.
Foreign names that are the same as their English equivalents may be listed, to provide an answer to the question "What is that name in..."?. a
| Contents: | Top - 0–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z |
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A
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Aabenraa | Åbenrå (Swedish), Apenrade (German) |
| Aachen | Ahen (Serbian), Aix-la-Chapelle (French), Aken (Dutch), Akwizgran (Polish), Aquae Grani or Aquisgranum (Latin), Aquisgrà (Catalan), Āhene (Latvian), Aquisgrán (Spanish), Aquisgrana (Italian), Aquisgrano (Portuguese), Cáchy (Czech), Åxhe (Walloon), Oochen (Luxembourgish), Óche (local Ripuarian), Oche (Limburgish), Aachen (Bahasa Indonesia, German, Romanian, Swedish) |
| Aalst | Aalst (Dutch), Alost (French) |
| Aarhus | Århus (Danish, Swedish), Orhūsa (Latvian) |
| Abbeville | Abbatis Villa (Latin), Abbeville (French, Romanian) |
| Adjud | Adjud (Romanian), Egyedhalma (Hungarian) |
| Aiud | Aiud (Romanian), Nagyenyed (Hungarian), Strassburg (German) |
| Aix-en-Provence | Aix-en-Provence (French, Romanian), Aquae Sextiae (Latin), Ais (Occitan, Provençal) |
| Aix-les-Bains | Aix-les-Bains (French), Aquae Gratianae (Latin) |
| Ajaccio | Ajaccio (French), Aiacciu (Corsican), Aiaccio (Italian) |
| Albacete | Albacete (Bahasa Indonesia, Spanish), al-Basīt (Arabic) |
| Alba Iulia | Alba Iulia (Romanian), Apulum (Latin), Gyulafehérvár (Hungarian), Karlsburg (German), Weißenburg (former German) |
| Alexandroupolis | Alessandropoli (Italian), Alexandroúpoli - Αλεξανδρούπολη (Greek), Alexandroúpolis - Αλεξανδρούπολις (Greek-Katharevousa), Alexandropolis (Dutch), Dedeağaç (Turkish) |
| Algeciras | Algeciras (Spanish), Algesires (Catalan), al-Jazīra (Arabic) |
| Alghero | Alghero (Italian), L'Alguer (Catalan), S'Alighera (Sardinian), Alguer (Spanish) |
| Alicante | Akra Leuke' - Ἄκρα Λευκή (Ancient Greek), Alacant (Catalan, Valencian), Alicante (Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish), Alikantė (Lithuanian), Alikante (Latvian), al-Laqant (Arabic), Lucentum (Latin) |
| Almaty | Alma-Ata (Bahasa Indonesia, Dutch, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Turkish), Ałma Ata (Polish), Almata (Latvian, Lithuanian), Almaty (Kazakh) |
| Amścisłaŭ | Amścisłaŭ - Амсьціслаў or Mścisłaŭ - Мсьціслаў (Belarusian), Mścisław (Polish), Mstislavl - Мстиславль (Russian), Mstislavlis (Lithuanian) |
| Amsterdam | Amstardam (Irish), Amstardām (Arabic), Amsterdam (Bahasa Indonesia, Dutch, Estonian, French, Italian, Polish, Serbian, Romanian, Catalan, Swedish, Turkish, Limburgish), Ámsterdam (Spanish), Amsterdama (Latvian), Amsterdamas (Lithuanian), Amsterdão (Portuguese), Amsterodam (Czech), Amszterdam (Hungarian), Aemstelredamme / Amstelredam (former Dutch), Amstelodamum (Latin), Mokum or Groot-Mokum (local slang) |
| Ankara | Ancara (Portuguese), Ancyra (Latin), Angora (former English, former Italian, former Romanian), Ankara (Armenian, Bahasa Indonesia, Polish, Latvian, Romanian, Serbian, Spanish, Swedish, Turkish), Ágkyra - Άγκυρα (Greek), Anqara (Arabic) |
| Anklam | Anklam (German), Nakło nad Pianą (Polish) |
| Antioch | Antakya (Turkish), Antioche (French), Antiochia (German, Italian, Latin, Polish, Slovak), Antióchia - Αντιόχεια (Greek), Antióchia i epí Dáfni - Αντιόχεια η επί Δάφνη / Antióchia i epí Oróntu - Αντιόχεια η επί Ορόντου / Antióchia i Megáli - Αντιόχεια η Μεγάλη (extended names in Greek), Antiochie (Czech), Antiochië (Dutch), Antioch-on-the-Orontes (extended name in English), Antiohia (Romanian), Antiokia (Bahasa Indonesia, Finnish, Swedish), Antioquía (Spanish), Antióquia (Portuguese) |
| Antwerp | Amberes (Spanish), Amvérsa - Αμβέρσα (Greek), Antuérpia (Portuguese), Antverpen (Estonian, Russian, Serbian, Ukrainian), Antverpenas (Lithuanian), Antverpene (Latvian), Antverpy (Czech, Slovak), Antwīrb (Arabic), Antwerpen (Dutch, Finnish, German, Swedish), Antwerpia (Polish), Anvers (French, Catalan, Romanian), Anversa (Italian), Anviesse (Walloon), Antverpeno (Esperanto), Antwerpe (local dialect, Limburgish) |
| Aquileia | Akwilea / Akwileja (Polish), Aquileia (Italian, Portuguese, Romanian), Aquileja (German), Oglej (Slovene) |
| Archangel | Arcángel (Spanish), Archangelsk (German), Archangelskas (Lithuanian), Arhangeļska (Latvian), Archangielsk (Polish), Arhanđel (Serbian), Arhanghelsk (Romanian), Arkangeli (Finnish), Arkhangel'sk (Russian) Sint-Michiel (Dutch) |
| Arlon | Arlon (French), Aarlen (Dutch), Arel (German), Arel (Luxembourgish) |
| Arnhem | Arnheim (German), Arnhem (Dutch, Polish), Arnhim (Frisian), Ernem (local dialect), Ārnhema (Latvian) |
| Arras | Arasu - アラス (Japanese), Arazzo (medieval Italian), Arras (French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Swedish), Atrecht (Dutch) |
| Aschaffenburg | Aschaffenburg (German), Aschaffenburgo (Spanish) |
| Ashkhabad | Ašchabád (Czech, Slovak), Aschchabad / Aschgabad / Aschgabat (German), Ašgabat (Finnish), Aşgabat / Aşkabat (Turkish), Aşhabad (Romanian), Ašhabad (Serbian), Ašhabada (Latvian), Ashgabat (Turkmen), Ashkhabad (Russian), Ashxobod (Uzbek), Asjchabad (Dutch), Aszchabad (Polish), Išq Ābād (Arabic) |
| Assisi | Ascesi (medieval Italian), Asís (Spanish), Asisi (Romanian),Assis (Portuguese), Assise (French), Assisi (Dutch, German, Italian), Asyż (Polish) |
| Astana | Akmolinsk (Russian), Akmola (Finnish), Akmola (variant in Russian), Akmoła (former Polish), Aqmola (former Kazakh), Astana (Kazakh, Latvian, Polish, Serbian, Turkish), Tselinograd (former Russian) |
| Athens | Афины/Afíny (Russian), Афіни/Afiny (Ukrainian), An Aithin (Irish), Ateena (Estonian, Finnish), Aten (Norwegian, Swedish) Aten - אַטען (Yiddish), Atena (Bahasa Indonesia, Croatian, Romanian), Atėnai (Lithuanian), Atenas (Portuguese, Spanish), Atēnas (Latvian), Atene (Italian, Slovene), Atene - アテネ (Japanese), Atenes (Catalan), Atenk (Armenian) Atény (Czech, Slovak), Ateny (Polish), Athen (Danish, German, Norwegian, Swedish, Welsh), Athén (Hungarian), Aþena (Icelandic), Athenae (Latin), Athene (Dutch, Limburgish), Athènes (French), Athény (alternative Czech), Athínai - Αθήνα (Greek), Atīnā (Arabic), Atina (Bulgarian, Serbian, Turkish) |
| Augsburg | Augsbourg (French), Augsburg (German, Polish, Catalan, Romanian), Augsburga (Latvian), Augsburgo (Spanish, Portuguese), Augšpurk / Aušpurk (Czech), Augusta (Italian), Augusta Vindelicorum (Latin), Oogsborg (Low Saxon), Avgústa - Αυγούστα (Greek) |
| Avignon | Avenio (Latin), Avignon (French, Romanian), Avignone (Italian), Avinhão (Portuguese), Avinhon (Occitan, Provençal), Avinjon (Serbian), Aviñón (Spanish), Aviņona (Latvian), Avinion (Polish), Anvinyó (Catalan) |
[edit]
B
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Bacău | Bacău (Romanian), Bakó (Hungarian) |
| Baia Mare | Baia Mare (Romanian), Frauenbach (German), Nagybánya (Hungarian), Neustadt (rarer German) |
| Bakhchisaray | Bahçesaray (Turkish), Bakczysaraj (Polish), Bakhchisaray - Бахчисарай (Russian), Bakhchysarai - Бахчисарай (Russian, Ukrainian), Bağçasaray (Tatar), Bahcisarai (Romanian) |
| Baku | Bacu (Portuguese), Bakı (Azeri), Bakoe (Dutch), Bakou (French), Baku (Bahasa Indonesia, Polish, Serbian, Romanian, Latvian), Bākū (Arabic), Bakü (Turkish) |
| Bar (Montenegro) | Antivari (Italian), Bar (Croatian, Romanian, Serbian); Dioclea or Doclea (Latin; ancient city nearby), Duklja (Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian; same ancient city and mediæval state) |
| Barcelona | Barcellona (Italian), Barcelona (Portuguese, Spanish, Catalan, Polish, Romanian, Slovene, Swedish), Barcelone (French), Barcino (Latin), Barna (Spanish abbreviation), Baršalūna (Arabic), Barselona (Armenian, Lithuanian, Latvian, Russian, Serbian, Turkish, Ukrainian), Varkelóni - Βαρκελώνη (Greek), Bårçulone (Walloon) |
| Basel | Bâle (French), Basilea (Catalan, Italian, Romansh, Spanish), Basileia (Portuguese), Basilej (Czech), Basle (variant in English), Bazel (Dutch, Serbian), Bázel (Hungarian), Bazel' (Russian, Ukrainian), Bazelis (Lithuanian), Bāzele (Latvian), Bāzil (Arabic), Bazilej (Slovak), Bazylea (Polish), Vasileía - Βασιλεία (Greek), Basel (Romanian, Swedish) |
| Bastia | Bastia (French), Bastìa (Corsican, Italian) |
| Bastogne | Bastogne (English, French, Romanian), Bastenaken (Dutch), Bastnach (German), Baaschtnech or Baastnech (Luxembourgish) |
| Bath | Aquae Sulis (Latin), Baðum / Baðan / Baðon (Anglo-Saxon), Caerfaddon (Welsh) |
| Bautzen | Budyšin (Upper Sorbian), Budyšín (Czech, Slovak), Budyšyn (Lower Sorbian), Budziszyn (Polish) |
| Będzin | Będzin (Polish), Bendin - Бендин (Russian), Bendin - בענדין (Yiddish), Bendzin (German) |
| Bela Crkva | Bela Crkva (Serbian), Biała Cerkiew (Polish), Bílá Cerevek (Czech), Biserica Alba (Romanian), Fehértemplom (Hungarian) |
| Belfast | Béal Feirste (Irish), Bilfawst (Ulster Scots), Belfastas (Lituanian), Belfāsta (Latvian), Belffast (Welsh), Belfastium (Latin), Belfast (French, Romanian, Spanish) |
| Belfort | Beffert (German), Befert (old German), Belfort (French) |
| Belgrade | Béalgrád (Irish), Bělehrad (Czech), Belehrad (Slovak), Belgrad (Armenian, Bulgarian, Catalan, Finnish, German, Polish, Romanian, Russian, Swedish, Turkish), Belgrád (Hungarian), Belgrada (Latvian), Belgradas (Lithuanian), Belgrade (French), Belgråde (Walloon), Belgrado (Dutch, Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Beograd (Croatian, Danish, Slovene), Beograd - Београд (Serbian), Bilġrād (Arabic), Bjelhrad (Ukrainian), Nándorfehérvár (former Hungarian), Singidunum (Latin), Veligrádi - Βελιγράδι (Greek), Griechisch-Weißenburg (old German, rare) |
| Bellinzona | Bellinzona (Dutch, German, Italian, Polish, Romanian, Swedish), Bellinzone (French) |
| Berat | Berat / Berati (Albanian), Albánský Bělehrad (Czech) |
| Berdychiv | Berdychiv - Бердичів (Ukrainian), Berdichev - Бердичев (Russian), Barditshev - באַרדיטשעװ (Yiddish), Berdyczów (Polish), Berdicev (Romanian), |
| Bergen (Norway) | Bergen (Norwegian, Romanian, Swedish), Bergenas (Lithuanian), Bergena (Latvian), Björgvin (Icelandic) |
| Berlin | Barlīn (Arabic), Barliń (Lower Sorbian), Beirlín (Irish), Berlien (Limburgish), Berliin (Estonian), Berliini (Finnish), Berlijn (Dutch), Berlim (Portuguese), Berlín (Catalan, Czech, Icelandic, Slovak, Spanish), Berlin (Russian, Armenian, Croatian, Danish, German, Hungarian, Norwegian, Polish, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene, Swedish, Turkish, French, Walloon), Berlin - בערלין (Yiddish), Berlīne (Latvian), Berlino (Italian, Esperanto), Berlyn (Afrikaans, Frisian), Berlynas (Lithuanian), Berurin - ベルリン (Japanese), Verolíno - Βερολίνο (Greek) |
| Berne | Bern (Armenian, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, Turkish, Ukrainian), Berna (Catalan, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Romansh, Spanish), Bernas (Lithuanian), Berne (French, Latvian), Berno (Polish), Vérni - Βέρνη (Greek) |
| Besançon | Besançon (French, Romanian), Bisanz (old German), Vesontio (Latin) |
| Białowieża | Biełavieža - Белавежа (Belarusian), Bělověž (Czech), Białowieża (Polish), Beloveža (Latvian) |
| Białystok | Białystok (Polish), Biełastok - Беласток (Belarusian), Balstogė (Lithuanian), Belostoka (Latvian), Belostok - Белосток (Russian), Bjalistoko (Esperanto), Byalistok - ביאַליסטאָק (Yiddish) |
| Biel/Bienne | Belenus (Latin), Biel (German), Bienne (French) |
| Biella | Biella (Italian), Bugella (Latin) |
| Bilbao | Bilbao (Catalan, Spanish, Romanian, Latvian), Bilbau (Portuguese), Bilbo (Basque), |
| Bil'shivtsi | Bil'shivtsi - Більшівці (Ukrainian), Bol'shovtsy - Болшовцы (Russian), Bolszowce (Polish), Bolshvets - באָלשװעץ (Yiddish), Bilişăuţi (Romanian) |
| Birmingham | Бирмингем (Russian, Serbian), Birmingemas (Lithuanian), Birmingema (Latvian) |
| Bishkek | Bichkek (French), Bischkek (German), Biškek (Finnish, Serbian, Slovene), Bişkek (Romanian, Turkish), Biškekas (Lithuanian), Biškeka (Latvian), Biszkek (Polish); Frunze (former name) |
| Bischofswerda | Bischofswerda (German), Biskupice (Polish) |
| Bistriţa | Beszterce (Hungarian), Bistrica (Serbian), Bistriţa (Romanian), Bistritz (German), Bystrzyca (Polish) |
| Bologna | Bologna (Italian, Romanian, Slovene, Swedish), Bologne (French), Boloňa (Czech), Bolonha (Portuguese), Bolonia (Polish, Spanish), Bolonija (Lithuanian), Boloņa (Latvian), Bolonja (Serbian), Bolonya (Catalan, Turkish) |
| Bouillon | Bouillon (French, Romanian), Bouyon (Walloon) |
| Bolzano | Bolzano (Italian), Bozen (Afrikaans, Dutch, German), Bulsan or Balsan (Ladin), Bolğan (Friulian), Bulsaun (Romansch), Bolzanó (Hungarian), Bocen (Slovene, Serbian, Croatian), Pons Drusi or Bauzanum (Latin) |
| Bordeaux | Bordeaux (French, Romanian, Swedish), Bordèu (Gascon, Occitan, Provençal), Bordéus (Portuguese), Burdeus (Catalan), Bordo (Lithuanian, Latvian, Serbian), Bordozo (Esperanto), Burdeos (Spanish), Bordele (Basque), Burdigala (Latin) |
| Bonifacio | Bonifacio (French, Italian), Bunifaziu (Corsican) |
| Bonn | Bon (Serbian), Bona (Lithuanian, Portuguese), Bonna (Latvian), Bonna or Castrum Bonnense (Latin), Vónni - Βόννη (Greek) |
| Botoşani | Botoşani (Romanian), Botosány (Hungarian), Botoszany (Polish) |
| Braniewo | Braniewo (Polish), Braunsberg (German), Brus (Old Prussian) |
| Braşov | Braşov (Romanian), Brašov (Serbian), Brašovas (Lithuanian), Brassó (Hungarian), Braszów (Polish), Corona (Latin), Kronstadt (German), Stephanoúpoli - Στεφανούπολη (Greek) |
| Bratislava | Bratislava - Братислава (Bulgarian, Serbian), Bratislava (Czech, Catalan, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Lithuanian, Latvian, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovak, Slovene, Spanish, Swedish), Braťislava or Požoma (Romani), Bratyslava - Братислава (Ukrainian), Bratysława (Polish), Pozsony (Hungarian), Presbourg (French till 1919), Pressburg (obsolete German), Prešpurk (Czech till 1919), Prešporok (Slovak till 1919) [Note: The name was officially changed from Pressburg / Prešporok / Pozsony to Bratislava in 1919; for a list of older names see Bratislava |
| Bratslav | Bracław (Polish), Bracłaŭ - Брацлаў (Belarusian), Breslov (Yiddish) |
| Břeclav | Břeclav (Czech), Lundenburg (German), Brzecław (Polish) |
| Bremen | Bréma (Hungarian), Brema (Italian, Polish, Spanish), Brême (French), Bremen (Afrikaans, Croatian, Danish, Estonian, Frisian, German, Portuguese, Norwegian, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene, Swedish, Turkish), Brėmenas (Lithuanian), Brēmene (Latvian), Brémy (Czech, Slovak), Brimarborg (Icelandic), Vrémi - Βρέμη (Greek) |
| Bremerhaven | Bremerhaven (German, Romanian), Brémský Přístav (Czech) |
| Brest (Belarus) | Bieraście - Берасьце (traditional Belarusian name), Brasta (Lithuanian), Bresta(Latvian), Brest (Romanian), Brest-Litovsk (former English, former Romanian, former Russian), Brześć Litewski (Polish), Brześć nad Bugiem (Polish 1918-1939); Lietuvos Brasta (former Lithuanian); Brisk - בריסק (Yiddish) |
| Bristol | Briostó (Irish), Bristole (Latvian), Bryste (Welsh), Caerodor (Welsh (obsolete)) |
| Brno | Berno Morawskie (Polish), Brna (Romany), Brno (Czech, Latvian, Romanian, Serbian), Brnos (Romany), Brünn (German, Hungarian) |
| Brody | Brody (Polish, Russian, Ukrainian; spelled Броды in Russian and Броди in Ukrainian), Brod (Romanian), Brod - בראָד (Yiddish) |
| Bruges | Briž (Serbian), Бриж (Macedonian), Bruges (French, Portuguese, Romanian, Luxembourgish), Brugge (Afrikaans, Bahasa Indonesia, Dutch), Brügge (Finnish, German), Bruggia (old Italian), Bruggy (Slovak), Brugia (Polish), Brugy (Czech), Bruixes (Catalan), Brujas (Spanish, Mediæval Portuguese), وبروج (Arabic), Briugė (Lithuanian), Brige (Latvian), Brögke (Limburgish), Brygge (Swedish) |
| Brunswick | Braunschweig (German, Romanian, Slovene, variant in English), Braunšveiga (Latvian), Braunšvajg (Serbian), Brunšvik (Czech), Brunsvique (Portuguese), Brunswick (French, Italian, Spanish), Brunswijk (Dutch), Brunszwik (Polish) |
| Bruntál | Bruntal (Polish), Bruntál (Czech), Freudenthal (German) |
| Brussels | An Bhruiséil (Irish), Bréissel (Luxembourgish), Brisel (Serbian), Брисел (Macedonian), Brisele (Latvian), Brisl - בריסל (Yiddish), Briuselis (Lithuanian), Bruksel (Armenian), Brüksel (Turkish), Bruksela (Polish), Brūksil (Arabic), Brusel (Czech, Slovak), Bruselj (Slovene), Brusela (Basque), Bruselas (Spanish), Brussel·les (Catalan), Brussel (Afrikaans, Bahasa Indonesia, Dutch, Norwegian), Brüssel (German), Brusselle (former Italian), Brüsszel (Hungarian), Bruxelas (Portuguese), Bruxelles (Danish, French, Italian, Romanian), Bryssel (Danish, Finnish, Swedish), Bryuksel (Bulgarian), Bryussel (Russian, Ukrainian), Vryxélles - Βρυξέλλες (Greek), Brussele (Walloon), Brössel (Limburgish), Brwsel (Welsh) |
| Brzesko | Brzesko (Polish), Brigl - בריגל (Yiddish) |
| Buchach | Buchach - Бучач (Ukrainian), Buczacz (Polish, Romanian), Betshotsh - בעטשאָטש (Yiddish) |
| Bucharest | Boekarest (Akriaans, Dutch), Búcairist (Irish), Bucarest (Catalan, French, Italian, Spanish), Bucareste (Portuguese), Bucureşti (Romanian), Bukarest (Danish, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Swedish), Bukareštas (Lithuanian), Bukareste (Latvian), Bukareszt (Polish), Bukharest (Russian, Ukrainian), Bükreş (Turkish), Bukurešt (Bulgarian, Croatian, Macedonian, Serbian), Bukarešta (Slovene), Bukureshta (Romany), Bukurešť (Czech, Slovak), Būqārist (Arabic), Voukourésti - Βουκουρέστι (Greek), Boekares (Limburgish), Bwcarest (Welsh) |
| Buda (now part of Budapest) | Buda (Italian, Hungarian, Portuguese, Romanian, Slovene, Lithuanian, Latvian), Budín (Czech), Budin (Turkish), Ofen (German) |
| Budapest | Boedapest (Afrikaans, Dutch), Būdābist (Arabic), Búdaipeist (Irish), Budapest (Catalan, Italian, German, Hungarian, Spanish, Swedish), Budapesht (Armenian), Budapešt (Russian, Ukrainian), Budapešť (Czech, Slovak), Budapešta (Latvian, Bulgarian), Budapesta (Romanian), Budapeštas (Lithuanian), Budapeste (Portuguese), Budapeşte (Turkish), Budapeszt (Polish), Budimpešta (Croatian, Macedonian, Slovene, Serbian), Voudapésti - Βουδαπέστη (Greek), Ofenpest (former German), Boedapes (Limburgish), Bwdapest (Welsh), Peshta (Romany) |
| Buje | Buie d'Istria (Italian), Buje (Croatian, Slovene) |
| Burg Stargard | Burg Stargard (German), Stargard Meklemburski (Polish) |
| Bursa | Brousse (former French), Bursa (Turkish), Prusa (Latin), Proúsa - Προύσα (Greek) |
| Butrint | Butrint / Butrinti (Albanian), Butrinto (Italian) |
| Buzet | Buzet (Croatian, Slovene), Pinguente (Italian) |
| Bydgoszcz | Bidgošča (Lithuanian), Bidgošć (Serbian), Bromberg (German), Bydgostia (Latin), Bydgoszcz (Polish) |
| Bytom | Beuthen (German), Bytom (Polish) |
| Bytów | Betowo (Kashubian/Pomeranian), Bütow (German), Bytów (Polish) |
[edit]
C
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Cádiz | Cadice (Italian), Cádis (Portuguese), Cadis (Catalan) Cadix (French), Cádiz (Spanish), Cadiz (Romanian), Gades (Latin), Gadeira (Ancient Greek), Gadir (Phoenician), Kadyks (Polish), Kadiz (Serbian), al-Qādis (Arabic) |
| Cagliari | Cagliari (Italian), Càller (Spanish, Catalan), Casteddu (Sardinian), Kaljari (Serbian) |
| Calais (France) | Kales (Dutch), Kalē (Latvian) |
| Cambrai | Kamerijk (Dutch), Kameriek (Limburgish) |
| Cambridge (England) | Caergrawnt (Welsh), Cantabrigia (Latin), Cantabrígia (Portuguese), Kembridž (Serbian), Kembridžas (Lithuanian), Kembridža (Latvian), Kembriĝo (Esperanto), Kemburijji - ケンブリッジ (Japanese) |
| Câmpulung Moldovenesc | Câmpulung Moldovenesc (Romanian), Moldvahosszúmező (Hungarian) |
| Canterbury | Caer-Cant (Saxon), Caergaint (Welsh), Cantorbéry (French), Cantuaria (Latin), Cantuária (Portuguese), Kantaraborg (Icelandic), Kenterberija (Latvian), Kantelberg (Dutch) |
| Carcassonne | Carcassona (Catalan, Italian, Occitan), Carcassonne (French), (Julia) Carcaso (Latin) |
| Cardiff | Caerdydd (Welsh, Irish), Kardif (Serbian), Kārdifa (Latvian), Ovicubium (Vulgar Latin) |
| Carlisle | Caerliwelydd (Welsh) |
| Carlsbad | Karlovi Vari (Bulgarian, Croatian, Serbian), Karlovy Vary (Czech), Karlsbad (German, Swedish), Karlsbāde (Latvian),Karlowe Wary (Polish) |
| Cartagena | Cartagena (Catalan, Spanish, Portuguese), Cartagina (Romanian), Carthagène (French), Carthago Nova (Latin), Kartagina (Polish, Serbian), al-Qartājanna (Arabic) |
| Castelsardo | Castelsardo (Italian), Casteddu (Sardinian, Corsican), Castelgenovese (former Italian), Castillo Aragones (former Spanish), Castel Aragones (former Catalan) |
| Celje | Celeia (Latin), Celje (Slovene, Serbian), Celle (German), Cille (Hungarian), Cilli (older English (1911 EB), older German), Kelea (Celtic) |
| České Budějovice | Budweis (German, former English), Czeskie Budziejowice (Polish), České Budějovice (Czech, Slovak) |
| Český Těšín | Český Těšín (Czech), Czeski Cieszyn (Polish) |
| Cetinje | Cettigne (Italian), Cetinje (Serbian) |
| Chania | La Canée (French), Khaniá - Χανιά (Greek), La Canea (Catalan, Italian, Spanish) |
| Charleroi | Charleroi (French, Romanian), Châlerwè / Tchålerwè (Walloon), Šarlruā (Latvian) |
| Cheb | Cheb (Czech), Eger (German) |
| Chełmno | Chełmno (Polish), Culm (variant in German), Kulm (German) |
| Chemnitz | Chemnitz (German, Romanian), Kamienica Saska (Polish, traditional, not used anymore), Kamjenica (Sorbian), Saská Kamenice (Czech); Karl-Marx-Stadt (German 1953-1990) |
| Chernivtsi | Cernăuţi (Romanian), Cernovicy (German, alternate transliteration from the Ukrainian Cyrillic), Cernowitz (Yiddish, alternate form), Čérnivci (Ukrainian, 2nd most common Roman transliteration), Černivcy (Ukrainian, alternate transliteration), Černovce (Russian, alternate transliteration), Černovcy (Russian, alternate transliteration), Černovice (Czech/Slovak), Chernivci (Ukrainian, alternate transliteration), Chernivcy (Ukrainian, alternate transliteration), Chernivtcy (Ukrainian, alternate transliteration), Chernivtsi - Чернівці (Ukrainian, commonest English transliteration), Chernovcy (Russian, alternate transliteration), Chernovicy (Yiddish, alternate Roman transliteration of the Russian Cyrillic form), Chernovits (Yiddish, alternate transliteration), Chernovitse (Yiddish, rare transliteration into Roman script of the Ukrainian Cyrillic transliteration), Chernovitsy (Ukrainian, Yiddish, rare alternate transliteration), Chernovitz (Yiddish, alternate form), Chernovtsy - Черновцы (Russian), Chernowitz (Yiddish, alternate transliteration), Csernivci (Hungarian, alternate transliteration from the current Ukrainian Cyrillic name), Csernovic (Hungarian), Csernyivci (Hungarian, transliteration from the current Ukrainian Cyrillic name), Czernovicensia (Latin, ecclesiastical), Czerniowce (Polish), Czernovitz (Yiddish, alternate transliteration), Czernowitz (German), Tchernowcy (Yiddish, transliteration from the Russian Cyrillic form), Tjernivtsi (Norwegian, Swedish, transliterated from the Ukrainian Cyrillic original), Tscherniwzi (German, transliteration from the Ukrainian Cyrillic, from German version of 'Yurij Fedkovytsch Czernowitzer Nationaler Universität', i.e. 'Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University' website, 2005), Tschernovits (Yiddish, alternate trasliteration), Tschernowitz (German, archaic, non-standard form), Tshernevits (Yiddish, alternate transliteration), Tshernovits - טשערנאָוויץ (Yiddish, current standard transliteration) |
| Chernyakhovsk | Chernyakhovsk (Russian), Insterburg (German), Įsrutis (Lithuanian), Wystruć (Polish), Cernihovsk (Romanian) |
| Chester | Caerllion-ar-Dyfrdwy usually abbreviated to Caer (Welsh), Castra Devana or Deva (Latin) |
| Chişinău | Chisinau (Catalan, Portuguese), Chişinău (Romanian), Keshenev - קעשענעװ (Yiddish), Kischinew (German), Kishinev (former English), Kishinjov - Кишинёв (Russian), Kīšīnāw (Arabic), Kišineu (Bulgarian), Kišiněv (Czech), Kišiņeva (Latvian), Kišiniovas (Lithuanian), Kišinjev (Serbian), Kišiňov (Slovak), Kisinyov (Hungarian), Kisjenő (older Hungarian), Kiszyniów (Polish), Kyšyniv (Ukrainian), Kişinev (Turkish) |
| Chorzów | Chorzów (Polish), Królewska Huta (Polish, until 1934), Králova Huť (Czech), Königshütte (German) |
| Cieszyn | Cieszyn (Polish), Teschen (German), Těšín (Czech), Tešín (Slovak) |
| Clermont-Ferrand | Augustonemetum (Latin), Clarmont (Occitan, Provençal), Clermonte (Spanish) |
| Cleves | Cléveris (Spanish), Clèves (French), Kleef (Dutch), Kleve (German) |
| Cluj | Claudiopolis (Ecclesiastical Latin), Napoca (Classical Latin), Cluj-Napoca (Romanian, formal), Cluj (Romanian, informal), Klausenburg (German), Kluž (Czech, Slovak), Kluż (Polish), Kolozsvár (Hungarian) |
| Coblenz | Coblença (Portuguese), Coblence (French), Coblenza (Italian, Spanish), Confluentes (Latin), Koblencja (Polish), Koblenz (German, Romanian, Slovene), Kueblenz (Luxembourgish) |
| Coburg | Cobourg (French), Coburg (German), Coburgo (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish) |
| Coimbra | Coimbra (Catalan, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish), Coimbre (French), Conimbriga (Latin), Qulumriya (Arabic) |
| Cologne | Cologne (French), Colonia (Italian, Spanish), Colónia (Portuguese), Colònia (Catalan), Colonia Agrippina (Latin), Keln - Келн (Serbian), Keln - קעלן (Yiddish), Kelnas (Lithianian), Keulen (Dutch), Kjol'n (Russian, Ukrainian), Kolín nad Rýnem (Czech), Kolín nad Rýnom (Slovak), Kölle (Kölsch [local dialect], Limburgish), Köln (Estonian, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Icelandic, Romanian, Swedish, Turkish), Kolonía - Κολωνία (Greek), Kolonia (Polish), Ķelne (Latvian) |
| Comăneşti | Comăneşti (Romanian), Kománfalva (Hungarian) |
| Constanţa | Constanţa (Romanian), Küstendji (former Turkish), Konstanca (Hungarian, Polish) Constança (Brazilian Portuguese) |
| Copenhagen | Cóbanhávan (Irish), Copenaghen (Italian), Copenhaga (Portuguese, Romanian), Copenhague (Brazilian Portuguese, Catalan, French, Spanish), Hafnia (Latin), Kaupmannahöfn (Icelandic), Kobenhaven (Slovene), København (Danish, Norwegian), Kūbinhāġin (Arabic), Kodaň (Czech, Slovak), Kööpenhamina (Finnish), Kopengagen (Russian), Kopenhaagen (Estonian), Kopenhag (Turkish), Kopenhaga (Lithuanian, Polish), Kopenhagen - Копенхаген (Bulgarian, Serbian), Kopenhagen (Croatian, Dutch, German), Kopenhāgena (Latvian), Kopenhago (Esperanto), Köpenhamn (Swedish), Kopenkháyi - Κοπεγχάγη (Greek), Koppenhága (Hungarian) |
| Córdoba | Córdoba (Spanish), Cordoba (Romanian), Corduba (Latin), Cordoue (French), Còrdova (Catalan), Cordova (Italian, former Romanian), Córdova (Portuguese), Kordoba (Polish, Slovene), Kordova (Latvian), Qurtubah (Arabic) |
| Corfu | Corcira / Corfu (Portuguese, Romanian), Corcyra (Latin), Corfou (French), Corfù (Italian), Corfú (Catalan, Spanish), Kérkira - Κέρκυρα (Greek), Korfoe / Corfu (Dutch), Korfu (Finnish, German, Hungarian, Polish, Slovak, Swedish), Krf (Croatian, Slovene), Krf - Крф (Macedonian, Serbian) |
| Corinth | Corint (Catalan, Romanian), Corinthe (French), Corinto (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Korint (Croatian, Czech, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene), Kórinta (Icelandic), Korinta (Latvian), Korintas (Lithuanian), Korinth (German, Swedish), Korinthe (Dutch), Kórinthos - Κόρινθος (Greek), Korintti (Finnish), Korynt (Polish) |
| Cork | Corc (Welsh), Corcaigh (Irish), Korka (Latvian) |
| Corte | Corte (French, Italian), Corti (Corsican) |
| Corunna | La Corogne (French), A Coruña (Galician), La Coruña (Spanish), Corunha (Portuguese), La Corunya (Catalan, Serbian), Lakoruņa (Latvian) |
| Cottbus | Chociebuż (Polish), Chóśebuz (Sorbian), Chotěbuz (Czech) |
| Crécy | Crécy-en-Ponthieu (French), Kresčak (Czech) |
[edit]
D
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Daugavpils | Daugavpils (Estonian, Latvian), Dźvinsk - Дзьвінск (Belarusian), Daugpilis (Lithuanian), Denenburg - דענענבורג (Yiddish), Dünaburg (former Estonian, German), Двинcк / Dvinsk (Russian), Dyneburg (Polish), Dźwińsk (former Polish variant) |
| Dârmâneşti | Dârmâneşti (Romanian), Dormánfalva (Hungarian) |
| Debrecen | Debrecen (Hungarian), Debrecín (Czech, Serbian), Debreţin (Romanian), Debreczin (German), Debreczyn (Polish) |
| Den Bosch | Bois-le-Duc (French), Bolduque (Spanish), Boscoducale (former Italian), Den Bos (Frisian), Den Bosch / 's-Hertogenbosch (Dutch), Oeteldonk (colloquial Dutch, during Carnaval) Herzogenbusch (German), De Bos(j) (Limburgish) |
| Dijon | Digione (Italian), Dijon (French, Romanian), Diviodunum (Latin), Dižona (Latvian) |
| Dillingen | Dilinga (Spanish), Dillingen (German) |
| Domažlice | Domažlice (Czech), Taus (German) |
| Donetsk | Doneţk (Romanian), Donetsk (Russian), Donetskas (Lithuanian), Doņecka (Latvian), Donezk (German), Donieck (Polish), Donjeck (Serbian); Stalino (former name), Yuzovka (former name) |
| Dover | Douvres (French), Doveris (Lithuanian), Duvra (Latvian), Dover (Romanian) |
| Drachhausen | Drachhausen (German), Hochoza (Lower Sorbian) |
| Dresden | Dresden (Portuguese, German, Swedish), Drážďany (Czech, Slovak), Dresda (Italian, variant in Portuguese, Romanian), Dresde (French, Spanish), Drésdi - Δρέσδη (Greek), Drezda (Hungarian), Drezden (Serbian), Drezdenas (Lithuanian), Drezdene (Latvian), Drezno (Polish), Drježdźany (Lower Sorbian) |
| Drobeta-Turnu Severin | Drobeta-Turnu Severin (official Romanian), Turnu Severin (former Romanian), Szörényvár (Hungarian) |
| Drohiczyn | Drohiczyn (Polish), Darahičyn - Дарагічын (Belarusian), Drohičinas (Lithuanian) |
| Drohobycz | Drobitsh - דראָביטש (Yiddish), Drogobych (Russian), Дрогобич/Drohobych (Ukrainian), Drohobycz (German, Polish) |
| Dublin | Baile Átha Cliath (Irish), Dubh Linn (archaic Irish variant), Dablin (Arabic, Serbian), Dhuvlíno - Δουβλίνο (Greek), Dublim (Portuguese), Dublin (Brazilian Portuguese, Romanian, Swedish), Dublín (Catalan, Spanish), Dublina (Latvian), Dublinas (Lithuanian), Dublino (Italian), Dulenn (Breton), Dulyn (Welsh), Dyflinni (Icelandic),Bail'-Ath-Cliath (Scots Gaelic) |
| Dubrovnik | Dubrovnic (Romanian), Dubrovnik (Brazilian Portuguese, Croatian, Serbian, Swedish), Dubrovnikas (Lithuanian), Ragusa (Italian, former Romanian), Raguse (old French), Dubrownik (Polish), Ragúsa - Ραγούσα, along with the official name (Greek) |
| Dunkirk | Dhunkérki - Δουνκέρκη (Greek), Duinkerken (Dutch), Dunkerque (French, Romanian), Dunkierka (Polish), Dünkirchen (German), Dunquerque (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Duunkèrke (Limburgish) |
| Durrës | Dhirrákhio - Δυρράχιο (Greek), Drač (Croatian, Czech, Serbian), Durazzo (Italian), Durrës (Albanian), Durŭs - Дуръс, historically Drach Драч (Bulgarian), Dyrrhachium (Latin) |
| Dushanbe | Doesjanbe (Dutch), Douchanbé (French), Dušanbe (Finnish, Latvian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Tajik), Dušanbė (Lithuanian, Serbian), Duşanbe (Romanian, Turkish), Dūšānbī (Arabic), Duschanbe (German), Dusjanbe (Swedish), Duszanbe (Polish); Hissar (former name); Stalinabad (former name) |
| Düsseldorf | Diuseldorfas (Lithuanian), Dizeldorf - Дизелдорф (Serbian), Dīzeldorfa (Latvian), Düsseldorf (Brazilian Portuguese, Estonian, German, Romanian, Swedish), Dusseldórfia (Portuguese), Dusseldorp (Dutch), Dusseldörp (Limburgish) |
[edit]
E
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Edinburgh | Caeredin (Welsh), Dún Éideann (Irish), Dùn Èideann (Scots Gaelic), Edinburrie (Scots), Edhimvúrgho - Εδιμβούργο (Greek), Edinborg (Icelandic), Edimbourg (French), Edimburgo (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Edinburg (Catalan, German [rare], Serbian, Romanian), Edinburga (Latvian), Edinburgas (Lithuanian), Edinburk (Czech), Edynburg (Polish) |
| Edirne | Adhrianúpoli - Αδριανούπολη (Greek), Adrianopel (German), Adrianopla (Portuguese), Adrianople (former English), Adrianopol (Polish, Romanian, Slovak), Adrianopole (Romanian), Adrianopoli (Italian, Finnish), Adrianopolis (Czech, Dutch), Adrianópolis (Spanish), Drinápoly (Hungarian), Drinopol (variant in Czech and Slovak), Hadrianople (variant in English), Hadrianopolis (Latin), Jedrine (Serbian), Odrin (Bulgarian), Uskudama (Thracian) |
| Eger | Eger (Hungarian), Eğri (Turkish), Erlau (German), Jager (Czech), Jáger (Slovak), Jagier (former Polish) |
| Eisenhüttenstadt | Eisenhüttenstadt (German), Żelazowa Huta (Polish), Stalinstadt (former German) |
| Elbląg | Elbiąg (local Polish dialect), Elbląg (Polish), Elbing (German), Ilfing or Truso (Old Prussian) |
| Ełk | Ełk (Polish), Lyck (German) |
| Elsinore | Elseneur (French), Elsinor (Spanish, Romanian), Elsinore (Italian), Helsingør (Danish), Helsingör (Finnish, German, Swedish) |
| Emmerich | Emmerich (German), Emmerik (Dutch) |
| Erlangen | Erlangen (German), Erlanky (Czech) |
| Espoo | Espoo (Estonian, Finnish), Esbo (Swedish) |
| Esztergom | Esztergom (Hungarian), Eštergon (Serbian), Gran (German), Ostřihom (Czech), Ostrihom (Slovak), Ostrzyhom (Polish), Estergon (Turkish), Strigoniu (Romanian), Solva / Strigonium (latin) |
| Eupatoria | Eupatoria (English, Polish, Romanian), Еvpatoriia - Євпаторія (Ukrainian), Kezlev (Tatar), Yevpatoriya - Евпатория (Russian) |
| Eupen | Eupen (German, French, Dutch), Néau (French, archaïc), Neyow (Walloon), Naowe / Naouwe (Walloon, medieval spellings) |
[edit]
F
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Flensburg | Flensborch (Low Saxon), Flensborg (Danish), Flensburg (German, Romanian, Swedish) |
| Florence | Firenca (Croatian, Serbian), Firence (Slovene), Firenze (Estonian, Finnish, Hungarian, Italian), Flórans (Irish), Floransa (Turkish), Florença (Portuguese), Florència (Catalan), Florencia (Slovak, Spanish), Florencie (Czech), Florencija (Lithuanian), Florencja (Polish), Florens (Swedish), Florenţa (Romanian), Florenz (German), Florence (French, Latvian), Florance (Walloon), Florentía - Φλωρεντία (Greek) |
| Flushing | Flesinga (Spanish), Flessinga (Italian), Flessingue (French), Vlissingen (Dutch) |
| Fort Augustus | Cille Chumein (Scots Gaelic) |
| Frankfurt am Main | Francfort (Catalan), Fráncfort del Meno (Spanish), Francfort-sur-le-Main (French), Francoforte sobre o Meno (Portuguese), Francoforte sul Meno (Italian), Frankfort aan de Main (Dutch, Limburgish), Frankfurt am Main (German), Frankfurt na Majni (Serbian, Slovene), Frankfurt nad Menem (Polish), Frankfurt nad Mohanem (Czech), Frankfurt nad Mohanom (Slovak), Frankfurt pe Main (Romanian), Frankfurte pie Mainas (Latvian), Frankfurtas prie Maino (Lithuanian), Frankfúrti - Φρανκφούρτη (Greek), Majnafrankfurt (former Hungarian) |
| Frankfurt an der Oder | Fráncfort del Oder (Spanish), Francfort-sur-l'Oder (French), Francoforte sobre o Óder (Portuguese), Francoforte sull'Oder (Italian), Frankfurt an der Oder (German), Frankfurtas prie Oderio (Lithuanian), Frankfurt nad Odrą (Polish), Frankfurt nad Odrou (Slovak, Czech), Frankfurt na Odri (Serbian, Slovene), Frankfurt pe Oder (Romanian), Frankfurte pie Oderas (Latvian), Oderafrankfurt (older Hungarian) |
| Freiburg | Frajburg (Serbian), Freiburg im Breisgau (German), Freiburga (Latvian), Fribourg-en-Brisgovie (French), Friburgo di Brisgovia (Italian), Fryburg (Polish) |
| Freising | Brižinje/Brižine (Slovene), Freising (German), Frisinga (Italian, Spanish), Frisingue (French) |
| Fribourg | Freiburg im Üechtland (German), Fribourg (French), Friburg (Catalan, Romansh), Friburgo (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Fryburg (Polish) |
| Frombork | Frauenburg (German), Frombork (Polish) |
[edit]
G
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Gallipoli | Galipolis (Lithuanian), Galipolje (Croatian, Serbian), Gallipoli (Italian, Romanian), Gelibolu (Turkish), Kalípolis - Καλλίπολις (Greek) |
| Galway | Gaillimh (Irish), Galvia (Latin) |
| Gdańsk | Dancka (older Hungarian), Danţig (older Romanian), Dants - דאַנץ (Yiddish), Dantsic (older English), Dantzig (Afrikaans, former Dutch), Danzica (Italian), Danzig (German), Gdaňsk (Czech), Gdańsk (Polish), Gdansk (Romanian), Gdanjsk (Serbian), Gdaņska (Latvian), Gdanskas (Lithuanian), Gduńsk (Kashubian), Gedania (Latin) |
| Gdynia | Gdiņa (Latvian), Gdingen (former Dutch, German), Gdiniô (Kashubian/Pomeranian), Gdyně (Czech), Gdynė (Lithuanian), Gdynia (Polish, Romanian), Gotenhafen (German 1939-1945) |
| Geneva | Cenevre (Turkish), Djeneve (Walloon), Genebra (Portuguese), Geneva (Romanian), Geneve / Genève (Afrikaans, Armenian, Dutch, Swedish), Geneve (Finnish), Genève (French), Genevra (Romansh), Genewa (Polish), Genf (Estonian, German, Hungarian), An Ghinéiv (Irish), Ginebra (Catalan, Spanish), Ginevra (Italian), Jenewa (Bahasa Indonesia), Jinīf (Arabic), Yenévi - Γενεύη (Greek), Ženeva (Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Lithuanian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Ukrainian), Ženēva (Latvian), Zjenaef (Limburgish) |
| Genoa | Cenova (Turkish), Đenova (Serbian), Dženova (Latvian), Gênes (French), Gènova (Catalan), Genova (Finnish, Hungarian, Italian, Romanian, Slovene), Génova / Gênova (Portuguese), Génova (Spanish), Genua (Dutch, German, Latin, Polish, Swedish), Genuja (Lithuanian), Janov (Czech, Slovak), Yénova - Γένοβα (Greek), Zena (Genoese) |
| Ghent | Gand (French, Portuguese, Romanian), Gandawa (Polish), Gante (Spanish), Gaunt (older English), Gent (Afrikaans, Bahasa Indonesia, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Swedish), Ģente (Latvian), Guanto (old Italian) |
| Gibraltar | Cebelitarık (Turkish), Gibilterra (Italian), Gibraltar (Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish), Gibraltaras (Lithuanian), Gibraltārs (Latvian), Jabal-Tarīq (Arabic) |
| Girona | Gerona (Romanian, Spanish), Gérone (French), Girona (Catalan, Portuguese) |
| Gjirokastër | Argirocastro (Italian), Aryirókastro - Αργυρόκαστρο (Greek), Gjirokastër / Gjirokastra (Albanian), Ergiri (Turkish) |
| Glarus | Glaris (French), Glarona (Italian), Glaruna (Romansh), Glarus (German) |
| Glastonbury | Glaistimbir / Glaistimbir na nGael / Gloineistir (Irish) |
| Glasgow | Glaschú (Irish), Glaschu (Scots Gaelic), Glāzgova (Latvian) |
| Gliwice | Gleiwitz (German), Gliwice (Polish) |
| Gloucester | Glevum (Latin) Caerloyw (Welsh) |
| Głogów | Glogau (German), Glogov (Serbian), Glogova (Lithuanian), Glogovia (Latin), Głogów (Polish), Hlohov (Czech) |
| Gmünd | Cmunt (Czech), Gmünd (German) |
| Gorizia | Gorica (Slovene, Serbian), Gorizia (Italian), Görz (German), Gurize (Friulian) |
| Görlitz | Görlitz (Afrikaans, Dutch, German, Romanian), Zgorzelec (Polish), Zhořelec (Czech), Zhorjelc (Upper Sorbian) |
| Gothenburg | Gautaborg (Icelandic), Gēteborga (Latvian), Gioteburgas (Lithuanian), Göteborg (Estonian, Finnish, German, Polish, Romanian, Swedish), Gøteborg (Norwegian), Göteburg (Turkish), Gotemburgo (Portuguese, Spanish), Gotenburg (Afrikaans, Dutch, former German, former Polish) |
| Göttingen | Getynga (Polish), Getynky (Czech), Gœttingue (French), Gotinga (Spanish, Portuguese), Gottinga (Italian), Göttinga (medieval Hungarian) |
| Gramzow | Gramzow (German), Grębowo (Polish) |
| Granada | al-Ġarnāda (Arabic), Granada (Catalan, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Portuguese, Romanian, Serbian, Spanish), Grenade (French) |
| Graz | Grác (Hungarian, Serbian), Grāca (Latvian), Gradec (Slovene), Graz (German, Romanian), Grodziec (Polish), Štýrský Hradec (Czech) |
| Greifswald | Greifswald (Afrikaans, Dutch, French, German), Gryfia (Polish) |
| Grenoble | Grasanòbol (Occitan), Grenoble (French, Italian) |
| Groningen | Greuninge (Limburgish), Grins (Frisian), Groninga (Italian, Portuguese, Spanish), Groningen (Afrikaans, Dutch, German, Romanian), Groningue (French), Grönnen / Grunnen / Grunn'n (Gronings), Groot Loug or Stad (local nicknames) |
| Grozny | Djovkhar Ghaala (Chechen), Džochargala (alternative Lithuanian name), Groznas (Lithuanian), Groznîi (Romanian), Groznija (Latvian), Groznyj - Грозный (Russian) |
| Grudziądz | Graudenz (German), Grudziądz (Polish) |
| Günzburg | Günzburg (German), Gunzburgo (Spanish) |
| Gusev | Gąbin (Polish), Gumbinė (Lithuanian), Gumbinnen (German), Gusev - Гусев (Russian) |
| Győr | Ghior (Romanian), Győr (Hungarian), Raab (German), Ráb (Czech) |
[edit]
H
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Haderslev | Hadersleben (German), Haderslev (Danish) |
| Hamburg | Amburgo (Italian), Amvúrgho - Αμβούργο (Greek), Gamburg - Гамбург (Russian), Hamborg (Danish), Hambourg (French), Hamburch (Frisian, Low Saxon), Hambūrġ (Arabic), Hamburg (Afrikaans, Catalan, Croatian, Danish, Estonian, German, Hungarian, Polish, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene, Swedish, Turkish), Hamburga (Latvian), Hamburgas (Lithuanian), Hamburgo (Portuguese, Spanish), Hamburk (Czech), Hampuri (Finnish) |
| Hämeenlinna | Hämeenlinna (Estonian, Finnish), Tavastehus (Swedish) |
| Hamelin | Hamelen (Dutch), Hamelin (French, Italian, Portuguese), Hamelín (Spanish), Hameln (German) |
| Hanau | Hanau (German), Hanava (Czech) |
| Hanover | Anóvero - Αννόβερο (Greek), Ganover - Гановер (Russian), Hannover (Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Italian, Swedish), Hanôver (Portuguese), Hanóver (Spanish), Hanovera (Latvian), Hanoveris (Lithuanian), Hanovra (Romanian), Hanovre (French), Hanower (Polish), Hanôve (Walloon) |
| Hasselt | Hasselt (Dutch, French, Limburgish), Hasse / Hasque / Hassèl (Walloon), |
| Heerlen | Heerlen (Dutch), Coriovallum (Latin), Heële (local Limburgish) |
| Heligoland | Helgoland (German, Polish, Romanian), Heligolândia (Portuguese), Dät Luun (North Frisian) |
| Helsinki | Elsínki - Ελσίνκι (Greek), Helsingfors (Danish, Norwegian, Swedish), Helsingforsia (former Latin name), Helsingi (Estonian), Helsingia (Latin), Hel'sinki (Russian, Ukrainian), Helsinki (Finnish, German, Italian, Latvian, Polish, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene, Turkish), Helsinkis (Lithuanian), Helsinky (Czech), Helsinque (Brazilian Portuguese), Helsínquia (Portuguese), Chielsynki - Хельсынкі (Belarusian) Helsset (North Sami), Helzinki - Хелзинки (Bulgarian), Hilsīnkī (Arabic), Stadi and Hesa (Slangi) |
| Heraklion | Càndia (Catalan), Candia (Italian, Spanish), Cândia/Heráclion (Portuguese), Candie (old French), Héraklion (French), Iraklio - Ηράκλειο (Greek), Iraklion (Polish, Serbian, Romanian), Kandiye (Turkish) |
| 's Hertogenbosch | 's Hertogenbosch (Dutch), Bois-le-Duc (French), Boscoducale (Italian), De Bos(j) (Limburgish) |
| Homyel' | Homiel = Гомель (Belarusian), Gomel' (Russian), Homl - האָמל (Yiddish), Homel (Polish) |
| Hoyerswerda | Hoyerswerda (German), Wojerecy (Sorbian) |
| Hrodna | Harodnia - Гародня (original Belarusian), Gardinas (Lithuanian), Grodņa (Latvian), Grodno (Polish, Russian), Grodne - גראָדנע (Yiddish), Гродно/Hrodno (Ukrainian) |
| Hum | Hum (Croatian, Serbian), Colmo (Italian) |
| Huy | Huy (French), Hoei (Dutch), Hu (Walloon) |
[edit]
I
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Iaşi | Iaşi (Romanian), Iasó - Ιασώ (Greek), Iassy (former French), Jászvásár (old Hungarian), Jassy (German, Polish, former English), Yaş (Turkish) |
| Iglesias | Iglesias (Italian, Spanish), Igresias (Sardinian), Villa di Chiesa (former Italian), Is Cresias (former Sardinian), Esglesies or Iglesies (Catalan) |
| Iraklion | See Heraklion |
| Innsbruck | Innsbruck (German), Inomost (Old Slovene), Inomostí / Inšpruk (Czech), Insbruka (Latvian), Insbrukas (Lithuanian), Insbruque (Portuguese), Inzbruk (Serbian) |
| Ioannina | Giannina (Italian), Ianina (Aromanian, Romanian), Ioannina (Finnish), Ioánnina - Ιωάννινα (Greek), Janinë / Janina (Albanian), Yánena - Γιάννενα/Yánina - Γιάννινα (Greek variants), Yanya (Turkish) |
| İskenderun | Aleksandretta (Polish), Alessandretta (Italian), Alexandreta (Portuguese), Alexandretta (variant in English, German), Alexandrétta - Αλεξανδρέττα (Greek), Alexandrette (variant in French, German), Iskandarūn - إسكندرون (Arabic), (al-)Iskandariya (former Arabic), İskenderiye (Turkish until 1939), İskenderun (Dutch, German, Turkish), Scanderoon (former variant in English) |
| Istanbul | Bolis (Armenian), Estambul (Spanish), Istambul (Croatian, Italian, Portuguese), Istanboel (Dutch), Istanbūl (Arabic), Istanbuł / Stambuł (Polish), Istanbul (French, Romanian, Serbian, Slovenian), İstanbul (Turkish), Isztambul (Hungarian), Κωνσταντινούπολις / Konstantinúpolis Η Πόλη/I Poli (i.e. The City) (Greek), Mikligarður (Icelandic), Stamboll (Albanian), Stambul (Russian, Ukrainian), Stambula (Latvian), Stambulas (Lithuanian)
|
| Ivano-Frankivsk | Івано-Франківськ/Ivano-Frankivs'k (Ukrainian), Ivano-Frankivsk (English), Ивано-Франковск/Ivano-Frankovsk (Russian), Ivano-Frankovskas (Lithuanian), Iwano-Frankiwsk (German), Stanislau (former German), Станиславов/Stanislavov (former Russian), Stanislavovas (former Lithuanian), סטאַניסלעװ/Stanislev (Yiddish), Stanisławów (former Polish), Станиславів/Stanyslaviv (former Ukrainian) |
| Izmir | Esmirna (Catalan, Portuguese, Spanish), İzmir (Armenian, Serbian, Turkish), Izmira (Latvian), Smirna (former Serbian, former Romanian), Smirne (Italian), Σμύρνη / Smýrni (Greek), Smyrna (variant in English) |
[edit]
J
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Jablonec nad Nisou | Gablonz (German), Jablonec nad Nysą (Polish) |
| Jakobstad | Jakobstad (Swedish), Pietarsaari (Estonian, Finnish) |
| Jarosław | Jaroslau (German), Jarosław (Polish), Yareslev - יאַרעסלעװ (Yiddish), Yaroslav (Russian) |
| Jena | Iéna (French), Iena (Romanian), Jena (German) |
| Jerusalem | Gerusalemme (Italian), Hierusalem (Latin), Ierusalim (Romanian), Ierusalím - Ιερουσαλήμ or Ierosólima - Ιεροσόλημα (Greek), Ierusalim - Иерусалим (Russian), Jerozolima (Polish), Jerusalem (Danish, Finnish, German, Norwegian, Spanish, Swedish), Jerusalém (Portuguese), Jeruusalemm (Estonian), Jeruzalem (Croatian, Dutch, Polish, Slovak, Slovene), Jeruzalém (Czech), Jeruzalė (Lithuanian), Jeruzāleme (Latvian), Jeruzsálem (Hungarian), Jérusalem (French), Yerusaghem (Armenian), Yərušaláyim - יְרוּשָׁלַיִם (Hebrew), Yərûšəlem - יְרוּשְׁלֶם (Aramaic), al-Quds - القُدس (Arabic), Єрусалим (Ukrainian), Kudüs (Turkish) |
| Jihlava | Iglau (German), Jihlava (Czech) |
| Jurbarkas | Jurbarkas (Lithuanian), Georgenburg (German), Yurburg (Yiddish) |
[edit]
K
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Kajaani | Kajaani (Finnish), Kajana (Swedish) |
| Kaliningrad | Kaliningrad - Калининград (Russian, Swedish), Kalingrad (Polish), Kaļiņingrada (Latvian), Kalininhrad - Калінінград (Belarusian, Ukrainian), Karalaviec - Каралявец (former Belarusian), Kaliningrado (Spanish, Portuguese), Kalinjingrad (Croatian, Serbian), Kaljinjingrad - Каљињинград (Serbian), Karaliaučius (Lithuanian), Kenigsberg קעניגסבערג (Yiddish), Keunigsbarg (Low Saxon), Koningsbergen (Dutch), Königsberg (German), Konigsberga (Old Portuguese), Královec (Czech), Królewiec (former Polish), Kalinyingrád/Königsberg (Hungarian) |
| Kamenz | Kamenz (German), Kamjenc (Upper Sorbian) |
| Kamianets-Podilskyi | Camenecium (Latin), Cameniţa (Romanian), Kamenets קאַמענעץ (Yiddish), Kamenets-Podol'skiy - Каменец-Подольский (Russian), Kamieniec Podolski (Polish), Kam"yanets'-Podil's'kyy - Кам’янець-Подільський (Ukrainian) |
| Kandalaksha | Kandalaksha - Кандалакша (Russian), Kannanlahti / Kantalahti (Finnish) |
| Kartuzy | Karthaus (German), Kartuzy (Polish) |
| Katowice | Katovicai (Lithuanian), Katovice (Czech, Hungarian, Latvian, Serbian), Katoviçe (Turkish), Katowice (Polish), Kattowitz (German); Stalinogród (Polish 1953-1956) |
| Kaunas | Kauen (German), Kauņa (Latvian), Kaunas (Lithuanian, Serbian, Swedish), Koŭna - Коўна (Belarusian), Kovne - קאָװנע (Yiddish), Kovno (Czech), Kovno - Ковно (Russian), Kowno (Polish) |
| Kazan | Casan (Latin), Kasan (German), Kazań (Polish), Kazaņa (Latvian), Qazan (Tatar) |
| Kem | Kem' - Кемь (Russian), Kemi or Vienan Kemi (Finnish) |
| Kemi | Giepma (Northern Sami) |
| Kerch | Kerç (Tatar), Kerch - Керч (Ukrainian), Kerch - Керчь (Russian), Kercz (Polish), Kerci (Romanian), Kertš (Finnish) |
| Kętrzyn | Kętrzyn (Polish), Rastenburg (German) |
| Kharkiv | Charkov (Czech, Slovak), Charkovas (Lithuanian), Charków (Polish), Harkov (Romanian, Serbian), Harkova (Finnish, Latvian), Hárkovo - Χάρκοβο (Greek), Karkov (Turkish), Kharkiv - Харків (Ukrainian), Khar'kov - Харьков (Russian) |
| Kiel | Kiel (Estonian, German, Hungarian, Romanian, Swedish), Ķīle (Latvian), Kilonia (Polish), Kylis (Lithuanian), Quília (Portuguese) |
| Kielce | Kelts - קעלץ (Yiddish), Kel'tsy - Кельцы (Russian), Kielce (Polish) |
| Kiev | Kænugarður (Icelandic), Kiëv (Dutch), Kiev (Italian, Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish, Swedish) Kiev - קיִעװ (Yiddish), Kijeŭ - Кіеў (Belarusian), Kíevo - Κίεβο (Greek), Kiew (German), Kiiev (Estonian), Kijev (Croatian, Hungarian, Serbian, Slovene), Kijeva (Latvian), Kijevas (Lithuanian), Kijów (Polish), Kiova (Finnish), Kiyev - Киев (Russian), Kīyif (Arabic), Kyjev (Czech, Slovak); Kyyiv - Київ (Ukrainian), Qiyov - קיוב (Hebrew), Chiu ([very] old Romanian) |
| Kirovohrad | Kirovgrado (Portuguese, Spanish); Yelizavetgrad (former name) |
| Kilkenny | Cill Chainnigh (Irish) |
| Kiruna | Giron (Sami), Kiiruna (Finnish), Kiruna (Swedish) |
| Klagenfurt | Celovec (Czech, Slovene), Klagenfurt (German), Želanec (alternative Czech name) |
| Klaipeda | Klaipeda (Estonian, Finnish), Klaipēda (Latvian), Klaipėda (Lithuanian), Klajpeda (Belarusian), Kłajpeda (Polish), Meemel (former Estonian), Memel (German), Mēmele (former Latvian) |
| Kobarid | Caporetto (Italian, Romanian), Kobarid (Slovene) |
| Kolkwitz | Gołkojce (Lower Sorbian), Kolkwitz (Niederlausitz) (German) |
| Kolomyya | Colomeea (Romanian), Kilemey - קילעמײ (Yiddish), Kolomea (German), Kołomyja (Polish), Kolomyya - Коломия (Ukrainian) |
| Komotini | Gümülcine (Turkish), Komotini - Κομοτηνή (Greek) |
| Kondopoga | Kondopoga - Кондопога (Russian), Kontupohja (Finnish) |
| Konstanz | Constance (French, variant in English), Constança/Constância (Portuguese), Constanţa (Romanian), Costanza (Italian), Konstanca (Serbian), Konstancja (Polish), Köstence (Turkish), Kostnice (Czech), Konstántza - Κωνστάντζα (Greek) |
| Köpenick | Köpenick (German), Kopník (Czech) |
| Koper | Capodistria (Italian), Kopar (Croatian, Serbian), Koper (Slovene) |
| Korçë | Koritsa - Κορυτσά (Greek), Korçë / Korça (Albanian), |
| Kortrijk | Kortrijk (Dutch), Kortryk (Afrikaans) Courtrai (French, Romanian), Kortriek (Limburgish) |
| Košice | Cassovia (Latin), Kaschau (German), Kasha (Romany), Kassa (Hungarian), Košice (Romanian, Serbian, Slovak), Koshytsi - (old Ukrainian) Koszyce (Polish), Caşovia (old Romanian) |
| Kosovo Polje | Amselfeld (German), Câmpia Mierlei (Romanian), Champ des merles (French), Fushe Koseve (Albanian), Kosovo Polje (Serbian), Kosowe Pole (Polish), Kosifopédhio - Κοσσυφοπέδιο (Greek), Merelveld (Afrikaans, Dutch), Rigómező (Hungarian) |
| Kotor | Cattaro (Italian), Kotor (Croatian, Serbian) |
| Kovel | Kovel' - Ковель (Russian, Ukrainian), Kowel (Polish), Kovl - קאָװל (Yiddish) |
| Kraków | Cracow (English variant), Cracovia (Italian, Spanish, Romanian), Cracóvia (Portuguese), Cracovie (French), Kroke - קראָקע (Yiddish), Kraká (Icelandic), Krakau (Dutch, German), Краків/Krakiv (Ukrainian), Krakkó (Hungarian), Krakov (Croatian, Czech, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Turkish), Krakova (Latvian, Finnish), Krakovía - Κρακοβία (Greek), Krakovo (Esperanto), Kraków (Polish, Swedish), Krākūf (Arabic), Krokuva (Lithuanian), Krakaŭ - Кракаў (Belarusian) |
| Krems | Krems (German), Kremže / Křemže (Czech) |
| Kristianstad | Kristianstad (Swedish), Kristianstadas (Lithuanian) |
| Kristinestad | Christinae Stadh (former Swedish), Kristiinankaupunki (Finnish), Kristinestad (Swedish), Kristingrad - Кристинград (Serbian) |
| Krnov | Carnovia (Latin), Jägerndorf (German), Karniów (former Polish), Krnov (Czech), Krnów (Polish) |
| Kudowa Zdrój | Chudoba (Czech), Kudowa-Zdrój (Polish) |
| Kuopio | Kuopio (Finnish, Swedish) |
| Kwidzyn | Kwidzyn (Polish), Marienwerder (German) |
| Kyle of Lochalsh | Caol Loch Ailse (Scots Gaelic) |
[edit]
L
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Labin | Albona (Italian), Labin (Croatian, Serban) |
| Lahti | Lahti (Estonian, Finnish, Romanian, Slovene), Lahtis (Swedish) |
| Lakhva | Łachwa (Polish), лахва (Russian) |
| Lappeenranta | Lappeenranta (Estonian, Finnish), Villmanstrand (Swedish) |
| Lausanne | Lausanne (French, Romanian, Swedish), Lausana (Spanish, Portuguese), Losanna (Italian), Lozan (Armenian, Turkish), Lozana (Serbian), Lozáni - Λωζάννη (Greek), Lozanna (Latvian, Polish), Luzana (Slovene) |
| Leeuwarden | Leeuwarden (Dutch), Ljouwert (Frisian), Liwwarden (Town Frisian), Liewarde (Limburgish) |
| Leghorn | Liorna (Spanish), Livorno (Italian, Finnish, German, Portuguese, Romanian), Livourne (French) |
| Leicester | لستر (Persian), Caerlyr (Welsh), Ratae (Latin), Leicestria (Church Latin) |
| Leiden | Leida (Italian, Portuguese, Romanian), Leiden (Dutch, Slovene), Lejda (Polish), Leyde (French), Leyden (variant in English) |
| Leipzig | Lajpcig (Serbian), Lajpcyg - Ляйбцыґ (Belarusian), Leipciga (Latvian), Leipcigas (Lithuanian), Leipsic (older English), Leipzig (French, German, Romanian, Slovene, Swedish), Lipcse (Hungarian), Lipsca (old Romanian), Lipsía - Λειψία (Greek), Lipsia (Italian), Lípsia (Portuguese), Lipsk (Lower Sorbian, Polish), Lipsko (Czech, Slovak) |
| Lębork | Lauenburg (German), Lębork (Polish) |
| Leuven | Leuven (Afrikaans, Dutch), Louvain (French, Romanian), Lováin (Irish), Lovaina (Catalan, Portuguese, Spanish), Lovaň (Czech), Lovanio (Italian), Löwen (German), Lovin (Walloon), Léiwen (Luxembourgish) |
| Lezhë | Lezhë / Lezha (Albanian), Alessio (Italian) |
| Liège | Léck (Luxembourgish), Leodium (Latin), L'ež - Льеж (Russian), Lîdje / Lîdge (Walloon), Liege (Finnish, Swedish, Turkish), Liège (French, Hungarian, Romanian, Swedish), Liége (former French, Portuguese), Liegi (Italian), Lieĝo (Esperanto), Lieja (Catalan, Spanish), Liéyi - Λιέγη (Greek), Liež (Bulgarian, Serbian), Lježa (Latvian), Luik (Dutch), Lüttich (German), Lutych (Czech), Luuk (Luik) (Limburgish), ولييج (Arabic), ליאז' (Hebrew) |
| Liepāja | Libau (German), Liepoja (Lithuanian), Libava (former Russian), Libave - ליבאַװע (Yiddish), Liepaja (Estonian), Liepāja (Latvian), Liibavi (former Estonian), Lipawa (Polish), Liyepaya (Russian) |
| Lier | Lier (Dutch), Lierre (French) |
| Lille | Lil (Serbian), Lilla (Catalan, Italian), Lille (French, Latvian, Portuguese, Romanian), Rijsel (Dutch) |
| Limoges | Lemòtges (Occitan), Limož (Serbian) |
| Limassol | Lemesos - Λεμεσός (Greek), Leymosun (Turkish) |
| Limerick | Limeriko (Esperanto), Luimneach (Irish) |
| Linköping | Lincopia (Latin), Linköping (Danish, Finnish, Swedish) |
| Linz | Lentia (Latin), Linca (Latvian), Linec (Czech), Linz (German, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene) |
| Lisbon | ليسبون (Persian), Liospóin (Irish), Lisabon (Croatian, Czech, Serbian, Slovak), Lisabona (Latvian, Lithuanian, Romanian), Lisboa (Portuguese, Spanish), Lisbona (Italian), Lisbonne (French), Lisbono (Esperanto), Lišbūna (Arabic), Lissabon (Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Russian, Swedish), Lissavóna - Λισσαβώνα (Greek), Lisszabon (Hungarian), Lizbon (Armenian, Turkish), Lizbona (Polish, Slovene), Ushbune (old Arabian) |
| Liverpool | ليورپول (Persian), Learpholl (Irish), Lerpwl (Welsh), Liverpūle (Latvian), Liverpulis (Lithuanian), Liverpulo (Esperanto), Llynlleifiad (former Welsh) |
| Ljubljana | Laibach (German), Liubliana (Portuguese, Romanian, Spanish), Liublijana (Lithuanian), Liyūbliyānā (Arabic), Ljubljana (Croatian, Finnish, French, Serbian, Slovene, Swedish), Lubiana (Italian), Lublaň (Czech), Ļubļana (Latvian), Lublana (Polish), Ľubľana (Slovak), Lubyana (Turkish) |
| Lleida | Lerida (Italian, Romanian), Lérida (French, Portuguese, Spanish), Lleida (Catalan) |
| Löbau | Löbau (German), Lubij (Upper Sorbian), Lubiniec (Polish) |
| London | Landan (Arabic), لندن (Persian), Llundain (Welsh), Londain (Irish), Londan - Лёндан (Belarusian), Londe (Limburgish), Londen (Afrikaans, Dutch), Londhíno - Λονδίνο (Greek), Londinium (Latin), Londona (Latvian), Londonas (Lithuanian), Londono (Esperanto), Londra (Italian, Romanian, Turkish), Londres (Catalan, French, Portuguese, Spanish), Londrez (Breton), Londyn (Polish), Londýn (Czech, Slovak), Lontoo (Finnish), Loundres (Cornish), Lundenwic (Anglo-Saxon), Lundúnir (Icelandic), Lunnainn (Scots Gaelic), Rondon - ロンドン (Japanese), Reondeon - 런던 (Korean) |
| Londonderry | Derio (Esperanto), Derry (almost universally used in English in Republic of Ireland; disputed usage in Northern Ireland), Doire/Doire Cholm Cille (Irish), Lunnonderry (Scots) |
| Longwy | Longwy (French), Langich (German), Lonkech or Lonkesch (Luxembourgish) |
| Lourdes | Lorda (Catalan, Occitan), Lourde (Provençal), Lourdes (French, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian), Lurdy (Czech) |
| Lübben | Lübben (German), Lubin (Lower Sorbian, Polish) |
| Lübbenau | Lübbenau (German), Lubnjow (Lower Sorbian) |
| Lübeck | Libek (Serbian), Lībeka (Latvian), Liubekas (Lithuanian), Lubecca (Italian), Lübeck (French, German, Romanian, Swedish), Lubek (Czech), Lubeka (Polish), Lubeque (Portuguese), Lüübek (Estonian), Lyypekki (Finnish) |
| Lucca | Luca (Portuguese), Lucca (Italian, Romanian), Lucques (French), Lukka (Polish) |
| Lucerne | Liucerna (Lithuanian), Lucern (Czech, Serbian, Slovene), Lucerna (Italian, Latvian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Romansh, Spanish), Lucerne (French), Lukérni - Λουκέρνη (Greek), Luzern (Afrikaans, Dutch, Finnish, German, Serbian, Swedish, Turkish), Luzerna (Catalan) |
| Luleå | Luleå (Swedish), Lulėja (Lithuanian), Luleo (Latvian, Serbian), Luulaja (Finnish) |
| Lund | Lund (Danish, Swedish), Lunda (Latin, Latvian) |
| Lüneburg | Lüneburch (Low Saxon), Lüneburg (German, Romanian), Luneburgo (Italian, Portuguese), Lunenburg (Dutch, variant in English) |
| Lutsk | Luckas (Lithuanian), Luţk (Romanian), Lutsk / Luts’k / Луцьк (Ukrainian), Łuck (Polish), |
| Luxembourg | Lëtzebuerg (Luxembourgish), Liuksemburgas (Lithuanian), Ljuksemburg - Люксембург (Bulgarian, Russian), Ljuksemburh (Ukrainian), Lucemburk (Czech), Lucsamburg (Irish), Luksemboarch (Frisian), Luksemburg (Croatian, Macedonian, Polish, Serbian, Slovene), Lüksemburg (Turkish), Luksemburga (Latvian), Luksemburgio (Esperanto), Lussemburgo (Italian), Lussimbork (Walloon), Lützelburg (former German), Lúxemborg (Icelandic), Luxemborg / Luxembourg / Luxemburg (Danish), Luxembourg (Estonian, French, Hungarian [for the city]), Luxemburg (Afrikaans, Basque variant, Catalan, Dutch, English variant, Finnish, German, Hungarian [for the country], Romanian, Swedish), Luxemburgia (Latin variant), Luxemburgo (Portuguese, Spanish), Luxemburgum (Latin), Luxembursko (Slovak), Luxemvúrgho - Λουξεμβούργο (Greek), Luxenburgo (Basque), Lwcsembwrg (Welsh), Luksemburg - Люксэмбурґ(Belarusian) |
| L'viv | Ilyvó (Hungarian), Lavov (Croatian, Serbian), Lemberg (German), Lemberg - לעמבערג (Yiddish), Léopol (French), Leopoli (Italian), Leopolis (Latin), Liov (Romanian), L'viv - Львів (Ukrainian), L'voŭ - Львоў (Belarusian), Lvov (Finnish, Portuguese, Slovene), L'vov - Львов (Russian), Ľvov (Slovak), Ļvova (Latvian), Lvovas (Lithuanian), Lwów (Polish) |
| Lyon | Lião (Portuguese), Lijonas (Lithuanian), Lió (Catalan), Lión - Λυών (Greek), Liona (Latvian), Lione (Italian), Liono (Esperanto), Liyon (Serbian), Lugdunum or Lugudunum (Latin), Lyon (French, German, Romanian, Slovene), Lyón (Spanish), Lyons (traditional English name) |
[edit]
M
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Maastricht | Mastriht (Serbian), Maastricht (Dutch, French, Romanian), Maestricht (former French, Flemisch, Romanian variant), Mastrichtas (Lithuanian), Māstrihta (Latvian), Mastrique (Spanish), Mestreech (Limburgish), Traiectum ad Mosam or Traiectum superius (Latin), Måstrek / Li Trek (Walloon) |
| Madrid | Madhríti - Μαδρίτη (Greek), Madorīdo - マドリード (Japanese), Madri (Brazilian Portuguese), Madrid (French, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Romanian, Swedish), Madridas (Lithuanian), Madride (Latvian), Madrido (Esperanto), Madryt (Polish), Maidrid (Irish), Mecrit (Arabic) |
| Mahilyow | Mahiloŭ - Магілёў (Belarusian), Mogilev (Russian), Mogilew or Mohylew (Polish), Molev - מאָלעװ (Yiddish), Movilău (Romanian), Moghilău (Romanian variant), Mogiliovas (Lithuanian) |
| Mainz | Määnz (local dialect), Magonza (Italian), Maguncia (Spanish), Mainca (Latvian), Mainz (German, Romanian, Swedish), Majnc (Serbian), Mayence (French), Mogúncia (Portuguese), Moguncja (Polish), Moguntiacum (Latin), Mohuč (Czech, Slovak), Meenz (former local dialect), Maienţa (old Romanian), Maghentía - Μαγεντία (Greek, along with the modern name) |
| Malbork | Malbork (Polish), Marienburg (German), Malborg (Romanian) |
| Malmö | Malme (Latvian), Malmø (Danish), Malmö (Finnish, Swedish), Malmogia (Latin) |
| Manchester | Manceinion (Welsh), Mančestera (Latvian), Manĉestro (Esperanto), Mančesteris (Lithuanian), Manchain (Irish), Mancunium (Latin) |
| Monschau | Monschau (German), Montjoie (French) |
| Mantua | Mantoue (French), Mantova (Italian, Finnish, Czech, Romanian, Slovak), Mantua (Latin), Mântua (Portuguese) |
| Maribor | Marburg (German), Marburgo (Portuguese), Maribor (Romanian, Serbian, Slovene), Morpurgo (old Italian) |
| Mariehamn | Maarianhamina (Finnish), Mariehamn (Swedish) |
| Marktredwitz | Marktredwitz (German), Ředvice (Czech) |
| Marseille | Mareseļa (Latvian), Marseille (French, Swedish), Marseilles (English variant), Marsel' - Марсель (Russian), Marselha (Portuguese), Marselis (Lithuanian), Marselj (Serbian), Marseljo (Esperanto), Marsella (Spanish), Marsiglia (Italian), Marsilha/Marselha (Occitan), Marsilia (Romanian), Marsīliyā (Arabic), Marsilya (Armenian, Turkish), Marsylia (Polish), Massalía - Μασσαλία (Greek) |
| Mechelen | Malinas (Spanish), Malines (Catalan, French, Romanian), Mechelen (Dutch), Mecheln (German), Mechlin (older English name) |
| Meißen | Meisene (Latvian), Meißen (German), Meissen (Romanian), Míšeň (Czech), Misnia (Italian), Miśnia (Polish) |
| Melk | Medlík (Czech), Melk (German), Mölk (former German) |
| Messina | Mesīna (Latvian), Mesíni - Μεσσίνη (Greek), Messina (Italian, Portuguese, Romanian), Messine (French), Messyna / Mesyna (Polish), Missina (Sicilian) |
| Metz | Divodurum (Latin), Meca (Latvian), Mec - Мец (Bulgarian, Serbian, Russian), Mety (Czech), Metz (French, German, Italian, Portuguese, Romanian) |
| Międzybórz | Mezbizh - מעזביזש (Yiddish), Międzybórz (Polish) |
| Miercurea-Ciuc | Csíkszereda (Hungarian), Miercurea-Ciuc (Romanian), Szeklerburg (German) |
| Mikkeli | Mikkeli (Finnish), Sankt Michel (Swedish) |
| Mikulov | Mikulov (Czech), Nikolsburg (German) |
| Milan | Mailand (German), Mediolan (Polish), Mediólana (former Greek), Mediolānum (Latin), Milà (Catalan), Milaan (Dutch), Milan (French), Milán (Czech, Spanish), Milāna (Latvian), Milano (Croatian, Esperanto, Finnish, Italian, Romanian, Serbian, Slovene, Swedish, Turkish), Miláno - Μιλάνο (Greek, Slovak), Milánó (Hungarian), Mīlānū (Arabic), Milão (Portuguese), Milanas (Lithuanian) |
| Minsk | Minsk - Мінск or Miensk - Менск (Belarusian), Minsk - Минск (Russian, Serbian), Minsk - מינסק (Yiddish), Mińsk (Polish), Mins'k - Мінськ (Ukrainian), Minska (Latvian), Minsko (Esperanto), Minszk (Hungarian), Minskas (Lithuanian), Minsk (Romanian) |
| Miskolc | Miskolc (Hungarian), Miškolc (Serbian), Miškovec (Czech, Slovak), Miszkolc (Polish), Mişcolţ (Romanian) |
| Moineşti | Moineşti (Romanian), Mojnest (Hungarian) |
| Monaco | Manaka - Манака (Belarusian), Monaco (Danish, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, French, German, Hungarian, Italian, Romanian, Swedish, Welsh), Monacó (Irish), Mónaco (Portuguese, Spanish), Monakas (Lithuanian), Monako (Basque, Esperanto, Latvian, Polish, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Turkish), Monakó - Μονακό (Greek), Mónakó (Icelandic), Monegue (Occitan), Monoecus (Latin), Munegu (Monegasque) |
| Mons | Bergen (Dutch), Berĥeno (Esperanto), Mons (French, Romanian), Mont (Walloon), Berg (Limburgish) |
| Montbéliard | Mömpelgard (German), Montbéliard (French) |
| Moscow | Maskava (Latvian), Maskva (Lithuanian), Maskva - Масква (Belarusian), Mosca (Italian), Moscó (Irish), Moscou (French, Brazilian Portuguese), Moscova (Romanian), Moscovo (Portuguese), Moscú (Spanish), Mosekao (Hawaiian), Moskau (German), Móskha - Μόσχα (Greek), Moskou (Afrikaans, Dutch), Moskova (Finnish, Turkish), Moskva (Armenian, Bulgarian, Croatian, Czech, Danish, Estonian, Hebrew, Norwegian, Russian, Serbian, Slovak, Slovene, Swedish, Ukrainian, Icelandic), Moskve - מאָסקװע (Yiddish), Moskvo (Esperanto), Moskwa (Bahasa Indonesia, Polish), Mosukuwa - モスクワ (Japanese), Moszkva (Hungarian), Mūskū (Arabic) |
| Mosonmagyaróvár | Mosonmagyaróvár (Hungarian), Wieselburg-Ungarisch Altenburg (German) |
| Motovun | Motovun (Croatian, Serbian), Montona (Italian) |
| Mścisłaŭ | See Amścisłaŭ |
| Mukacheve | Mucacevo (Romanian), Mukačevo (Czech, Slovak), Mukacheve - Мyкaчeвe (Ukrainian), Mukachevo - Мyкaчeвo (Russian, Serbian), Mukachiv - Мyкaчiв (Ruthenian), Mukaczewo (Polish), Minkatsh - מינקאַטש (Yiddish), Muncaci (Romanian variant), Munkács (Hungarian), Munkatsch (German) |
| Mulhouse | Milhüse or Milhüsa (Alsatian), Mülhausen (German), Mulhouse (French), Mylhúzy (Czech), Miluza (Polish) |
| Munich | Minhen (Serbian), Minhene (Latvian), Minkhn - מינכן (Yiddish); Miunchenas (Lithuanian), Miyūnikh (Arabic), Мюнхен/Myunkhen (Belarusian, Bulgarian, Russian, Ukrainian), Mnichov (Czech), Mníchov (Slovak), Monachium (Polish), Monaco di Baviera (Italian), Mónakho - Μόναχο (Greek), Monakovo (old Slovene), München (Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, German, Hungarian, Romanian, Low Saxon, modern Slovene, Swedish), Munĥeno or Munkeno (Esperanto), Múnich (Spanish), Münih (Turkish), Munique (Portuguese), Mûnik (Walloon), Munikh (Armenian) |
| Münster | Minstere (Latvian), Münster (German), Meuster (Walloon) |
| Murmansk | Moermansk (Dutch), Mourmansk (French), Murmansaka (Latvian), Murmansk - Мурманск (Belarusian, Russian, Serbian), Murmansk (Italian), Murmańsk (Polish), Murmanskas (Lithuanian), Murmansko (Esperanto), Muurmanni or Muurmanski (former Finnish), Muurmansk or Murmansk (Finnish); Romanov-on-Murman (former name) |
[edit]
N
| English Name | Other names or former names |
|---|---|
| Namur | Namur (French, Romanian), Namen (Dutch), Nameur (Walloon) |
| Nancy | Nancy (French, Romanian), Nanzig (German), Nanzeg (Luxembourgish) |
| Naples | Nābūlī (Arabic), Napels (Dutch), Naples (French), Nápoles (Portuguese, Spanish), Napoli (Italian, Finnish, Romanian, Turkish), Napolo (Esperanto), Nàpols (Catalan), Nápoly (Hungarian), Napulj (Croatian, Serbian), Neapel (German, Swedish), Neapelj (Slovene), Neapole (Latvian), Neapolis (Latin, Lithuanian), Neapol (Czech, Polish, Slovak), Neapol' (Russian, Ukrainian), Neapole (former Romanian), Nápoli - Νάπολη (modern Greek), Neápolis - Νεάπολις (ancient Greek) |
| Narbonne | Narbo or Narbo Martius (Latin), Narbona (Catalan, Italian, Occitan, Spanish), Narbonne (French, Romanian) |
| Navahradak | Navahrudak - Навагрудак (modern sovetized Belarusian), Naugardukas (Lithuanian), Nowogródek (Polish), Novogrudok (Russian) |
| Neuchâtel | Neuchâtel (French, Romanian), Neuenburg (German) |
| Newcastle upon Tyne | An Caisleán Nua (Irish), Nova Castra (Latin) |
| Newport (Monmouthshire) | Casnewydd (Welsh) |
| Newport (Pembrokeshire) | Trefdraeth (Welsh) |
| Nice | Nica (Belarusian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Serbian), Niça (Catalan, Occitan), Nice (French, Swedish), Nicea (Polish), Níkea - Νίκαια (Greek), Nis (Turkish), Nisa (Romanian), Nissa (Occitan variant, Provençal), Niza (Spanish), Nizza (Italian, Finnish, German, Hungarian) |
| Nicosia | Lefkoşe (Turkish), Lefkosía - Λευκωσία (Greek), Nicosia (Hungarian, Italian, Romanian, Spanish, Swedish), Nicósia (Portuguese), Nicosie (French), Nikosia / Lefkosia (Finnish), Nikosia (German), Nikosija (Latvian, Russian, Ukrainian), Nikosio (Esperanto), Nikozija (Lithuanian, Serbian), Nikozja (Polish), Nīqūsiyā (Arabic) |